Oleksii Goncharenko is a Member of the Parliament of Ukraine (entitled in Ukrainian as Verkhovna Rada) since 2014, a member of the «European Solidarity» political group, and a member of the parliamentary budget committee.
Goncharenko constantly conducts active law-making activities. He is an author of a number of draft laws on social issues and simplified taxation. He was also one of the initiators of the nomination of political prisoner Oleg Sentsov for the Nobel Prize by the Parliament of Ukraine.
In 2021, Oleksii actively promoted the idea of granting Ukraine the status of the Major non-NATO ally. Thus he is the author of the resolution on applying to the US Congress to grant this status.
He heads several inter-factional associations of the parliament. He is co-chairman of the «Clean energy — healthy environment» association.
In October 2019, he created the «Kuban» association, the task of which is to develop a policy for the return of Ukrainian ethnic territories to their cultural and social field.
On the eve of the elections in Belarus in 2020, Goncharenko understood that Lukashenka could usurp power and created an inter-factional association «For a Democratic Belarus» in the Verkhovna Rada to monitor the situation in the neighboring country at the parliamentary level. After the terrorist act committed by Lukashenka — the forced landing of the Ryanair plane on the Vilnius-Minsk flight, where Roman Protasevich was located — the inter-factional association «For Democratic Belarus» appealed to the Ukrainian government to stop air traffic with Belarus. The next day, Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal announced that the Cabinet of Ministers had made a corresponding decision.
In 2022, Oleksiy created the association «For a Free Caucasus». Main idea is to support the peoples of the North Caucasus in the fight against the repressive machine of Russia.
Oleksii also supports the independence of Kosovo. He submitted a resolution to the parliament on the recognition of Kosovo’s independence by Ukraine.
After the beginning of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation to Ukraine on February 24, 2022, Oleksii joined the ranks of the Territorial Defense and defended Kyiv in the first weeks of the war. Oleksii Goncharenko also actively promoted the protection of the rights of military personnel in his draft laws. In particular, he was the author of the laws on the granting of vacations, on the demobilization of parents who have three children etc. Oleksii actively promotes the idea of establishing clear terms of service for military personnel. He is the author of many amendments to other military draft laws of his colleagues.
Goncharenko is a member of two Temporary Investigative Commissions of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, which are related to monitoring the funding of treatment and rehabilitation of military personnel in medical institutions and investigating possible violations of Ukrainian legislation in organs where positions are filled by military personnel.